The spectra were compared with those of green algae, brown algae, and sponges-all of these being colourful objects commonly found in the octopus’s natural environment. To determine whether octopuses actually match background colours, we used a SpectraScan ® PR-655 spectroradiometer to measure the reflectance spectra of Octopus tetricus skin in captivity. Therefore, chromatophores in their skin are likely to respond to changes in brightness, not chromaticity. However, octopuses are colour-blind as their eyes have only one type of visual pigment. Thanks to their highly malleable skin, they are capable of adapting their body patterns to the brightness and texture of their immediate environment, and they often seemingly match the colour of background objects. No animal can so effectively camouflage in such a wide range of environments as the octopus.
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